改性化工污泥与煤的成浆性及燃烧性分析

选取两种方法对化工污泥进行改性并研究改性后的污泥添加量对污泥水煤浆(S-CWS)成浆性、流变性和燃烧性的影响,从而获得制备高浓度污泥水煤浆的工艺参数.结果表明:选用Na OH对污泥进行改性制备出的污泥水煤浆成浆性较好;改性污泥添加量在10%~20%,可以得到成浆性良好的污泥水煤浆;添加改性污泥的污泥水煤浆较普通水煤浆的燃烧性能增加.     

Enhanced performance of nano-sized SiC reinforced Al metal matrix nanocomposites synthesized through microwave sintering and hot extrusion techniques

In the present study, nano-sized SiC (0, 0.3, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 vol%) reinforced aluminum (Al) metal matrix composites were fabricated by microwave sintering and hot extrusion techniques. The structural (XRD, SEM), mechanical (nanoindentation, compression, tensile) and thermal properties (co-efficient of thermal expansion- CTE) of the developed Al-SiC nanocomposites were studied. The SEM/EDS mapping images show a homogeneous distribution of SiC nanoparticles into the Al matrix. A significant increase in the strength (compressive and tensile) of the Al-SiC nanocomposites with the addition of SiC content is observed. However, it is noticed that the ductility of Al-SiC nanocomposites decreases with increasing volume fraction of SiC. The thermal analysis indicates that CTE of Al-SiC nanocomposites decreases with the progressive addition of hard SiC nanoparticles. Overall, hot extruded Al 1.5 vol% SiC nanocomposites exhibited the best mechanical and thermal performance as compared to the other developed Al-SiC nanocomposites.     

Preparation and Mechanical Properties of a Novel Textile Pad for Wound Debridement

Various types of wound debridement approaches are currently available in clinical practice such as autolytie, enzymatic. biodebridement, mechanical, and surgical debridemenl techniques. A critical look at these various options can explain their potential but also their limitations. In this study, a novel textile pad, which is composed of polyester filaments on the fleecy side and a bioeompatible coating on the opposite side, was made to provide a safe, inexpensive, easier and especially more efficient debridement process that can be used in all healthcare settings by all healthcare practitioners. Eighteen kinds of samples were prepared with different pile density, ground yarn count and coating amount. Dimensional morphology, stitch density, mass per unit area and mechanical properties were investigated to study the intrinsic relationship of structure and properties of textile pad for wound debridement. Results showed that tensile strength and suturing strength at piped site increased obviously with the increment of ground yarn count, while the amount of coating could also have a slight impact on these two properties. However, compressive load was mainly affected by pile density, with no obvious relation to ground yarn count and coating amount.     

A novel process for comprehensive utilization of vanadium slag

Traditional processes for treating vanadium slag generate a huge volume of solid residue and a large amount of harmful gas, which cause serious environmental problems. In this study, a new process for the comprehensive utilization of vanadium slag was proposed, wherein zeolite A and a V₂O₅/TiO₂ system were synthesized. The structural properties of the as-synthesized zeolite A and the V₂O₅/TiO₂ system were characterized using various experimental techniques, including X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, scanning electron microscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. The results reveal that zeolite A and the V₂O₅/TiO₂ system are successfully obtained with high purity. The results of gas adsorption measurements indicate that the prepared zeolite A exhibits high selectivity for CO₂ over N₂ and is a candidate material for CO₂ capture from flue-gas streams.     

木枣多糖的理化特性研究

木枣经超声波辅助酸性缓冲液浸提、醇沉、脱蛋白和脱色工艺制得木枣多糖,测定其溶解性与单糖组成,采用Q2000型差示扫描量热仪和ZX7M-AR1000型流变仪研究木枣多糖的稳定性和流变性,为其在食品工业中的应用提供理论数据支持。实验结果表明,木枣多糖溶于热水,难溶于冷水,不溶于有机试剂；是由鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖组成的杂多糖。热学特征分析表明木枣多糖具有较好的热稳定性；木枣多糖溶液为非牛顿假塑性流体,表现出剪切变稀的特性；因此木枣多糖适用于在食品生产工业中做稳定剂。     

渗碳体形态对高碳珠光体钢组织及性能的影响

为研究SWRS82B钢不同条件下进行的大过冷工艺所形成的渗碳体形态对珠光体亚结构组织及性能的影响,制定相关热处理工艺:将试样在880℃奥氏体化15 min后,以70,100,200℃/s的冷速过冷到300℃等温3~15s,之后升温至珠光体区等温1min,最后快冷至室温.通过SEM和TEM观察,以及MTS拉伸试验机得到的数据,结果表明,在过冷时间为3s的前提下,随着冷速的增长,渗碳体由完整片层状发生不同程度的碎化.在200℃/s时,渗碳体已经大面积碎化,并发现大量的纳米级渗碳体,抗拉强度表现为先降低后升高,伸长率持续升高.当冷却速度为70℃/s时,随着过冷时间的延长,抗拉强度和伸长率都表现为先降低后增大的特点.纳米渗碳体随着过冷时间的延长开始减少,到达15s时,开始出现了贝氏体组织.     

玉米芯活性炭改性及其对CO_2吸附性能

研究了提高玉米芯活性炭对CO2气体吸附性能的方法和途径,对自制的玉米芯活性炭进行了氧化改性和还原改性.改性后C元素质量分数都减少了10%左右.经硝酸和硝酸盐氧化改性后其表面含氧官能团明显增多;经碳酸盐碱性还原改性后引入了CO2-3根;经氨水碱性还原改性后引入了大量氨基基团,表明成功地对制备的玉米芯活性炭进行了氧化和还原改性.其中,利用Ca(NO3)2改性后样品对CO2的吸附量比改性前提高了21.2%;经过Na2CO3改性后样品对CO2的吸附量提高了28.5%.因此,制备的玉米芯活性炭经过Na2CO3改性后更有利于其应用于CO2吸附分离.     

致密砂岩储层可动流体赋存特征及影响因素

应用核磁共振、恒速压汞、铸体薄片等实验手段,分析辽河西部凹陷南段沙三段致密砂岩储层可动流体赋存特征及影响因素。结果表明:可动流体T2谱截止值低,孔隙内可动流体饱和度与可动流体孔隙度低且数值波动大;T2谱形态主要呈单峰型、左峰高右峰低型和左峰低右峰高型;T2弛豫时间受孔喉结构控制,喉道特征决定流体的可动程度,孔喉半径比、分选系数和微观均质系数反映孔隙结构非均质程度与流体参数线性相关性较强,T2谱分布特征与孔隙组合类型和孔喉结构特征有关;胶结物类型、产状与含量对可动流体影响较大。微观孔隙结构特征是可动流体赋存特征的主要影响因素,胶结物次之,物性对可动流体的影响是两者的综合反映。     

磁性碳纳米管对水中低浓度罗红霉素的吸附特性研究

碳纳米管是各方面性能优异的新型纳米材料,其吸附性能优于活性炭.采用化学共沉淀方法制备磁性MWCNTs.利用红外光谱和Zeta电位对磁性MWCNTs和MWCNTs进行表征分析.吸附实验探讨pH值、温度等因素对磁性MWCNTs吸附罗红霉素的影响,采用准一、二级动力学模型和Freundlich、Langmuir等温线方程拟合曲线,分析吸附质可能的吸附机理.结果表明:磁性MWCNTs对罗红霉素最佳吸附pH值为1,罗红霉素的最大吸附量为39.6 mg/g.用准一、二级动力学模型和Langmuir等温线方程能较好地拟合罗红霉素吸附过程,相关系数均在0.95以上.标准吸附焓变△Ho为9.284 kJ/mol,吸附自由能变△G在-60.812 ～-58.640 kJ/mol之间,△S＞0,吸附是自发的吸热过程.     

钢-玄武岩混杂纤维道面混凝土力学性能试验研究

结合道面混凝土的使用特点及要求,为提高道面混凝土的基本力学性能,对钢-玄武岩混杂纤维道面混凝土(steel-basalt hybrid fibers reinforced pavement concrete,简称SBHFRPC)的工作性及基本力学性能进行了比较系统的试验研究。试验通过对比分析研究了钢纤维以0.9%、1.2%、1.5%、1.8%四种体积掺率和玄武岩纤维以0.05%、0.10%、0.15%三种体积掺率相互混杂对机场道面混凝土抗折、抗压强度性能的影响规律,同时,对钢-玄武岩混杂纤维机场道面混凝土的基本力学增强机理进行了一定的分析。试验结果表明:混杂纤维对道面混凝土有较好的力学增强性能,在钢纤维掺量为1.5%,玄武岩纤维掺量为0.10%时达到最佳。